The Perpetual Battle Against Censorship Essay -- The Fight Against Cen

  "There is more than one way to burn a book," (176) says Ray Bradbury when explaining the reason he wrote Fahrenheit 451. Bradbury at the time was upset about "condensed books", or books which had been simplified for easier reading. Luckily, this fad seems to have passed. However, he was also upset about people who wrote asking him to change the role of women or African-Americans to make them more or less dominant in some of his works. One of the major themes in Fahrenheit 451 was just that; a society where everyone got what they wished and literature was eliminated entirely so it wouldn't offend anyone. Sadly, this still continues to happen in the United States. Many books have been banned from school and public libraries because of language, sexual innuendos, violence, religion, alternate lifestyles, and even for being anti-family ("Challenges . . ."). Although the burning of books simply for the sake of eradicating them is a futile effort today, as Bradbury stated, censoring or banning them is basically the same thing. However, should literature be banned for offending a few? Many people don't think so, and they have U.S. laws to back them up. Not only is the censorship of literature in violation of the U.S. Constitution's first amendment, but it also deprives the American people of culture and knowledge. The main argument against censorship is, of course, the first amendment to the Constitution of the United States. The first amendment reads "Congress shall make no law respecting on establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of gr... ...e American Library Association. n.d. 13 Mar. 2014. http://www.ala.org/bbooks/frequentlychallengedbooks/top100 Parkinson, Sid. "Milton's Areopagitica." Discourse 14 (Fall 1995). 12 Mar. 2014. http://www.stlawrenceinstitute.org/vol14mit.html Remy, Richard C. United States Government: Democracy in Action. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2012. "Stanton McCandlish on the CDA (fwd)." 14 Feb. 1996. 21 Feb. 2014. http://lawlibrary.ucdavis.edu/LAWLIB/feb96/0400.html Weisberger, Bernard A. "Chasing Smut in Every Medium." American Heritage Dec. 1997. 12 Feb. 2014. http://www.dc.peachnet.edu/~yliu/papr/comstock.htm). Woolsey, John M. "The Monumental Decision of the United States District Court Rendered December 6, 1933, by Hon. John M. Woolsey Lifting the Ban on 'Ulysses.'" Ulysses. New York: Random House, 6 Dec. 1943. pp ix-xiv.   

Morris Inn Written

Goring's and Rorer's- with local customers. Additionally, the strategies are put into place to increase returning customers on a regular basis. Our team is determined to improve the image of the Morris Inn and replace the dated concept that is currently associated with the Morris Inn. BACKGROUND The Morris Inn was built in 1 952 on the campus of the University of Notre Dame. Its construction was primarily funded by a generous donation from Ernest M. Morris, a 1906 alumnus of Notre Dame.In 2012 Ernestine Morris Carmichael Racial, the daughter of Ernest and Ella Morris, provided funding or the Morris Inn as a gift to the university. This renovation brought major improvements to the outdated Morris Inn, including expanding it from 92 rooms to 150 rooms, 18 of which are suites. The size of the beds improved from double and single sized beds to king and queen sized beds. In addition to the improvement in bed size, the renovation saw the introduction of the Irish tavern Rorer's and improve ments to the fine dining restaurant Goring's.Also, the new 24-hour fitness center, gift shop, and the Fireside Terrace, an outdoor extension of Rorer's that is complete with sofas, umbrellas, and fire its, are a result of this renovation. RECOMMENDATIONS Increase exposure efforts in the South Bend area, while focusing on specific target markets In order to encourage more locals to come onto Notre Dam?s campus to eat at either Goring's or Rorer's the first Step needed is to increase the exposure Of each establishment in the local community.Goring's a fine dining restaurant has a smaller target market, middle to upper class, but also faces less competition that Rorer's which faces heavy competition from other bars, particular Eddy's Street establishments. As a result the marketing program for Goring's and Rorer's will differ in that the efforts to expose Goring's must be concentrated and specified to reach small group, while Rorer's campaign can cover a broader target market. Because the target audience for Goring's will likely have a higher disposable income, marketing efforts for Goring's should be directed so that exposure towards higher income individuals will be maximized.Initially, the Morris Inn management should contact local businesses in an attempt to lure in business lunches and dinners, which historically are held at higher end establishments. Emails, calls and mail advertisements are all possible means of alerting the local business communities to the possibility using Goring's for meetings. Furthermore, the University is heavily involved in the local economy, and taking out partners, donors, clients and other business affiliates to dinners at Goring's will help to increase exposure for the restaurant in the local business community.Also, to attract higher income individuals and families, Goring's should advertise with local private schools. Schools such as SST. Joey's are likely to have on average families with higher disposable incomes, and theref ore can afford o eat at a higher end establishment such as Goring's. Sponsoring school sports teams, donations in Goring's name, and dinners at school fund raising auctions are all possible means of reaching to parents. Rorer's target market differs from Goring's in that it is a much broader group than Goring's.A much higher percentage of the local community eats at bar and restaurant combination establishments on a regular basis, but there is also a much more competitive market. As a result, marketing efforts must be altered to reach a greater number of people, but doesn't need to be as specialized. Initially Rorer's can advertise on and around Eddy's Street to attempt to attract a segment of the local population that goes there to eat. The target market for Rorer's is exactly the kind of people that eat regularly at Eddy's street establishments such as Brother's and Resource's.In addition, advertising at popular local events, such as Silver Hawks games and the farmer's market are all opportunities to reach large segments Of the local population. In such advertisements it is important to heavily market incentives, such as free valet parking with dinner, in order to encourage attention customers to leave the establishments they regularly eat at in favor of Rorer's. In addition, advertisements should be obviously tailored towards locals in order to help mitigate the apprehension that is felt by many locals in regards to coming onto campus.Produce a positive consumer experience that creates repeat customers The second step in this process is to create an atmosphere for customer's day or night out that favorably reflect the restaurants we are promoting. In an effort to provide a positive dining experience, the Morris Inn could coordinate tit sports teams, specifically basketball, hockey, and baseball (football days appear to already be successful). Packages including tickets to games as well as transportation through university golf carts to and from the hotel to various arenas could seer. E as a significant attraction for locals for fun nights out. Football weekends are flooded with visitors on campus, but filling Roses with viewers for less supported sports (but still with loyal fan bases) such as hockey and basketball could produce the consumer experience to bring customers back for more. In addition, advertising the restaurant alongside tickets and transportation with a potential discount on the whole package could peak the interest the hotel needs to attract nearby residents, especially those looking to save money on a family or couple's night out.Along with that idea is the concept of increasing ease of transportation around the Morris Inn, especially for those dining at Goring's or Rorer's. The idea already in effect of free valet parking for customers of the restaurants is a novel one and hooks those concerned with the hassle of going out for dinner or a bite to eat. Free transportation to games across campus at Compton Ice Arena an d the Joyce Center could do the same for the hotel as well as close the gap between Goring's, Rorer's, and closer locations and competition like Legends of Notre Dame.Increase Return on Investments of Social Media Strategies As a way of promoting both Rorer's and Goring's, we feel that the entire Morris Inn brand should improve their presence on social media, which is currently very minimal. Morris Inn's current presence is limited to Faceable, while neither of the two restaurants have a presence on any social media site. Social media is a prominent culture among people and restaurant-goers Of all ages, so it is crucial that both Rorer's and Goring's become present on social media. Not only is this a tremendously important aspect to the marketing of restaurants, but it is also a free method of advertising.We feel that Rorer's and Goring's should have individual pages on Twitter and Faceable, as they target very different crowds in their marketing plans. The Morris Inn should have a large presence on Twitter and Faceable and should feature links to the two restaurants' pages in order to connect all three and create a strong brand. Both restaurants could advertise specials and special events on their respective pages and could encourage people to â€Å"follow' their Twitter page and â€Å"like† their Faceable page by offering deals only available to people who do so.Although Morris Inn already has a page on Yelp, which is a website that features restaurant reviews provided by the public, we propose that they consider paid advertising on restaurant review sites like this. Aside from paid advertising, Morris Inn should provide as many photos and as much information as possible to Yelp and similar sites to strengthen their online mage that will help to draw in visitors looking for good reviews. Morris Inn should also contact local food floggers and invite them in for a free meal in exchange for an online review to be read by potential customers.There should also be an effort to monitor on line reviews to assure that the reviews are primarily positive. BASIS FOR RECOMMENDATIONS As a team, we feel that these recommendations will increase the Morris Inn's profits by creating a stronger business model. The Morris Inn has undergone major renovations, and with such renovations it is important to improve the marketing plan as well. By Meaning the original marketing plan of the Morris Inn, we feel we will be able to target a larger audience that will be more suitable for the customer base that the improved restaurants at the Morris Inn require.Rorer's and Goring's require two distinct marketing plans to bring in a customized client base for each setting. Our solutions will draw the attention of each client base and therefore improve business for both restaurants. We are confident that our solutions will attract sufficient attention, while also remaining in a price range that is suitable for a struggling business. We have found convenient mark eting availability in the South Bend area and have spoken to local residents who agree that our plan will target the appropriate client niche and improve business for Goring's and Rorer's.There is room for further development as the restaurants' business improves including a social media plan that will gain popularity as customers increase. NEXT STEPS We are now confident that with our suggestions The Morris Inn will have the resources to move forward and further implement the new marketing strategies. There are a few steps we feel that can be taken immediately to main exposure in the area. The first of these steps is primarily focused on personal contacts with potential clients.We have found in our research that it would be best to either purchase pre-composed emailed lists of the area or use your current records to send out an email to all clients inviting them to dine at your new restaurants. It will also be important to make calls to frequent visitors of the university and emplo yees of the university, particularly in the development center, who will contribute to the local atmosphere that you are trying to achieve. While it may not be the most enticing marketing plan, reaching out personally to clients will get them in the door and allow your team to explain the improvements of the Inn.There is no better way to sell something than with face-to-face contact. The second step that your team should immediately implement involves reaching out to local vendors for advertising within their companies. The Silverware's will be starting their season shortly as the weather improves and it will be important to have advertisements ready for them. We have reached out to Nick Brown, the Vice President of the Silverware's, and he is willing to it down with your team and discuss specific advertising availabilities based on how much money your team is willing to allocate.The Morris Performing Arts Center Will be hosting guests like Aziza ANSI and Tyler Perry who will bring in large business and it will be important to have advertisements prepped for those events. Finally, we have spoken to SST.

Marketing Strategies of Newspapers Essay

The newspaper market, like other markets have become competitive to the extent that survival requires a lot of creativity and innovation in the way the business is conducted. This is the situation in which the three major newspapers on the Zambian market, i.e the Post, the Times of Zambia, and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers find themselves. Currently, the Post newspaper is the market leader with a market share of eighty percent (80%), the Times of Zambia newspaper and the Zambia Daily Mail, together with the rest of the other newspapers share the remaining twenty percent (20%). For this study, the focus is on three newspapers, The Post which is a privately owned newspaper and the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail which are stated owned newspapers. The difference in performance amongst these three newspapers has also been reflected in the differences in the readership of the three (3) newspapers which is indicated below. Source: Synovate Research Center 2005 For any of these papers to gain competitive advantage and long term profitability, there is need to come up with a proper business approach. One such approach is a proper understanding and management of the common business parameters like the quality of the product, the pricing of the product, the distribution of the product, and the promotion of the product. A newspaper firm can then formulate appropriate differentiation strategies based on the above parameters which are commonly known as the four ‘Ps’ of the marketing mix (Kotler, 2003:15). The discrepancies in the market share prompted the researcher to look at the business management aspect of the three newspapers, i.e.how they were applying and using the four ‘Ps’ of the marketing mix. The aim was to determine how the three newspapers were utilizing the elements of the marketing mix in order to gain competitive advantage on the Zambian market. Essentially, this is a comparative study which looks into how the three newspapers were utilizing the marketing mix to increase their market shares. The study was expected to reveal the differences in the usage of the marketing mix and show whether this had a significant impact on the market shares of the three papers. This is not withstanding the fact that the performance of an entity is dependent on the various functional areas of business management. However, in this particular case, what was being put to test was the functional area of marketing, and in this case the application of the elements of the marketing mix. The liberalization of the Zambian economy in 1991 saw the emergence of various entities on the Zambian market. This included the print media. The Post newspaper is one such paper that emerged as a private owned newspaper. Prior to 1991, there were mainly two dominant papers, i.e. the Times of Zambia, and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. For this study, the focus was on one private newspaper, i.e the Post newspaper, and the state owned newspapers, i.e. The Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. Currently, on the Zambian market, the Post newspaper is the market leader with a market share of eighty (80%) percent by far surpassing the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail which fall into the remaining twenty (20%) percent. This poses the question of why should a newly born newspaper, i.e the Post Newspaper, out match the old newspapers like the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. Obviously, the market share has to do with the acceptability of the paper. And from a business management point of view, this acceptability is dependent on the paper’s marketing strategies which are based on the marketing mix. Hence the reason for the research in this area. The history of each of the above stated newspapers is as follows: †¢The Times of Zambia newspaper The Times of Zambia is a national daily newspaper published in Zambia. During the colonial period this newspaper was known as The Northern News. It was founded in 1944 as a twice-weekly newspaper aimed at a European readership, owned first by Roy Welensky and then by the South African newspaper chain Argus. Argus then sold the paper to Lonhro, under which it was renamed the Times of Zambia on 1 July 1965. Lonhro had just bought out Heinrich Brewery which had briefly operated a daily, The Zambia Times and weekly Zambia News. Criticism of the government under the editorship of Dunston Kamana in the early 1970s and the change of the government to a one party state led to the purchase of Times of Zambia by the United National Independence Party (UNIP) government who then appointed its own editor, Vernon Mwaanga, in 1972. When the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) came to power in November 1991, it went to court claiming UNIP had illegally taken over the newspapers. The courts found in favour of the MMD, and ruled that the papers’ ownership be transferred to the Zambian Government. The Times of Zambia is now owned by the Zambian Government. After the independence of Zambia in 1964, the print media was run by the private sector with Times of Zambia then been published by Lonrho and the name Daily then Central African Mail was run by Scott and Astor. In 1969 it was purchased by the ruling United National Party (UNIP) (Banda, 2004). In 1983, the newspaper industries along with most other industries were nationalized as part of government’s humanism. The two newspapers were then turned into government companies and heavily subsidized by the government. In 1990, there was the introduction of multiparty government and an open, market –driven economy. Privately owned newspapers were reintroduced and according to the National Archives (2003) 137 publications, both newspapers and magazines, were registered between 1991 and 2002. Most of the registered newspapers were either aborted or died soon after the first few issues. The cover price of the newspapers has remained the same in Zambia at K3000.00 with new newspapers coming in and offering a lower price and then failing to survive all together. The other sources of income for newspapers are through the advertising which has grown with newspapers getting more and more expensive. This case research is intended at studying the various marketing strategies used by newspaper companies in Zambia and how they can increase competiveness. My aim is to find out the current marketing strategies of the major newspapers in Zambia, namely The Post, Daily Mail, Times of Zambia, The Guardian and The Mirror. The purpose of the study is to understand the current marketing strategies and come up with recommendations to increase competitiveness in this sector. 1.2 Background to the study After the introduction of the multi-party system and the subsequent liberalization of the economy, in Zambia, in 1991, the country saw the emergence of various types of privately owned newspapers in addition to the two regular newspapers, i.e The Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail. In all, the mid 1990s, there were several privately owned newspapers in addition to the two regular state owned newspapers stated above. What transpired is that some private newspapers came and went, whilst the two state owned newspapers have failed to be competitive and increase their market shares, but they have survived through Government subsidies. However, one privately owned newspaper, the Post Newspaper, has continued to grow its market share and today it is the market leader in its relevant market. The question of interest to the researcher is to determine the type and effectiveness of the marketing strategies that the Newspapers are using to increase their market share in the relevant markets. 1.3 Research Problem  Since the Liberalization of Zambia’s economy in 1991, several private newspapers have emerged to join the already existing state owned ones. However, most of the privately owned newspapers have collapsed, and the two state owned ones are failing to increase their market, but are surviving on Government subsidies. But one private newspaper, the Post, has continued to thrive to become the market leader. There is still very little competition in this industry with only a few as newspapers surviving and one major newspaper The Post is getting 80% of the market share (Banda 2004). Given this background, the researcher wants to determine the type of marketing strategies newspapers use, and the extent to which these marketing strategies are effective. Consequently, this will help the managements of the newspapers to improve their marketing strategies so as to provide quality services to their customers, and thereby increase their market share and competitivene ss.

Analysis of the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay

Lady Macbeth is a complex and intriguing character – she presents various elements in her character, often surprising us with sudden turns of personality. This reflects with Macbeth and her, causing various changes in their relationship – drawing them both closer together, and pushing them away from one another. When we first meet Lady Macbeth in Act One, Scene 5, she is reading Macbeths letter. This is the letter that openly tells word for word what happened and what the witches told Macbeth. He obviously had no hesitation in being so open with his wife, which is notable. Straight away, Lady Macbeth takes from the letter her own interpretation, saying that she knows that Macbeth must now kill Duncan so that he can be King as the witches have said, but she also analyses his nature from the letter, fearing that he will be too good natured to carry it out. This suggests that she knows at this point that she is going to have to persuade him. As the scene progresses, an Attendant comes in and tells Lady Macbeth that the King is on his way to the castle to stay with them. Once he leaves, Lady Macbeth is speaking as if she is ultimately sure that this murder will go ahead. But she is fully aware that it is going to be emotionally very difficult to go through with, and she calls upon evil spirits to assist her murderous plans. â€Å"Come, you spirits, That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here And fill me from crown to the toe top full Of direst cruelty;† She does not want to have any human emotion within her, as she knows that that will cause her to possibly back down and not go through with her plans, so she begs that she lose her inner feelings of conscience; â€Å"Stop th’access and passage to remorse That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose nor keep peace between Th’effect of it.† At this point Macbeth enters she greets him with notions of future greatness, almost as if she is already beginning to tempt him with her ideas of murdering Duncan. She urges him to keep a welcoming look on his face when the others arrive, so as not to give away their deadly intentions. At the end of the scene Lady Macbeth gives him words of comfort by telling him not to worry, she will take care of things. Even that small gesture goes to show how controlling she likes to be, especially of this situation. The next scene that Lady Macbeth appears in is Act 1, Scene 6, where she has a brief appearance. She comes in simply to welcome Duncan with elaborate courtesy, almost over the top in her greeting. She is obviously making every effort to lull Duncan into a false sense of security. She also makes notable reference to the loyalty, obedience, and their gratefulness for his past honours to Macbeth and herself. This is a perfect example of the sort of open lying and falsehood that seems to come easy to Lady Macbeth. She has no trouble with coming out with any sort of lies so that her plans may run smoothly. This is evident of her character throughout the play. The next scene Lady Macbeth is in, Act 1, scene 7, is when she comes in straight after a monologue from Macbeth where he is struggling with his conscience. Now he has been left to his own thoughts for a while, he has began to think back to all the times that Duncan has helped and honoured him, and is quickly coming up with more and more reasons against going ahead with the murder. Once Lady Macbeth enters, Macbeth tells her that he is now not going to go through with it and Lady Macbeth reacts very negatively. She immediately accuses him of not loving her, claiming that if he did then he would go through with it. â€Å"From this time Such I account thy love. Art thou afeard To be the same in thine own act and valour, As thou Art in desire ? This is blatant emotional blackmail, but when Macbeth doesn’t back down, she quickly gets more and more harsh with her words. She borders on over dramatic, while maintaining every sense of meaning what she says, (which in itself is debatable). She says that Macbeth is no man if he is to break such a promise. This reference of not being manly is also used later, by Macbeth himself, when he accuses the two murderers of not being real men, but dogs. â€Å"What beast was’t then That made you break this enterprise to me ? When you durst do it, then you were a man. And to be more than what you were, you would- Be so much more the man.† She then speaks the worst reference of all-she tells Macbeth that she would rather brutally kill her own child than to break such a promise. â€Å"I have given suck and know, How tender ’tis to love a babe that milks me: I would, while it was smiling in my face, Have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums And dashed the brains out, had I so sworn As you have done to this.† All of her words are pure shock tactics, attempting to make Macbeth feel awful for even thinking of disagreeing with her. And, just as she wants, he breaks and agrees to carry on with their plot. She reassures him that it will all go smoothly, and she will drug the guards, so that they can later be blamed for the deed. Again, she is reassuring Macbeth, and he is taking in everything she tells him. This is commonplace in their relationship, with what we have seen of the couple so far. The next scene our Lady appears in is Act 2, scene 2. Lady Macbeth has drugged the bodyguards as she stated she would, and is waiting on Macbeths return from killing Duncan. She is exhilarated with excitement but fears that the murder has not been gone through with. However soon after the scene begins, Macbeth returns, bloody daggers in hand. He tells her that he has in fact killed Duncan, but is distraught. He is obsessed by his inability to say ‘Amen’ after his cruel deed had been done. He is also transfixed by a voice that he had heard, crying that he has murdered sleep and would never sleep again. â€Å"Still it cried, ‘Sleep no more’ to all the house; ‘Glamis hath murdered sleep’, and therefore Cawdor Shall sleep no more: Macbeth shall sleep no more.† Lady Macbeth in her usual non-sympathising way dismisses his hallucinations and orders him to put the daggers back by the guards. â€Å"†Who was it, thus cried? Why, worthy thane, You do unbend your noble strength to think So brain-sickly of things. Go and get some water And wash this filthy witness from your hand. Why did you bring these daggers from your place? They must lie there. Go carry them and smear The sleepy grooms with Blood. Macbeth, changing his usual role in the relationship, refuses! â€Å"Ill go no more I am afraid to think what I have done; Look on’t again, I dare not. Lady Macbeth seems a little taken aback, but bossily takes the daggers to put them back herself. She leaves Macbeth to his own thoughts. A knocking sound frightens the already very fragile-minded Macbeth, and on Lady Macbeth’s almost immediate return, she tells him to pull himself together, and smoothly plans an alibi. This scene is another clear cut example of Lady Macbeths dominant role in her and her husbands relationship. It seems Macbeth’s strength in life is found within Lady Macbeth. And Lady Macbeth herself feeds on this. So this situation is a fantastic opportunity for each of the two to show how they in their own way depend on one another. The next scene Lady Macbeth appears in, is at a climax point when Duncan is found dead. When Lady Macbeth enters, she is told of the news, and she, smooth as silk, acts suitably shocked at the ‘news’. This would have been substantial enough, but then when Macbeth re-enters to tell them all that he has killed the two guards, Lady Macbeth attempts to take the attention from him, by fainting. Of course, this as planned takes eyes away from Macbeth, and the moment is broken. Some might say however, that at this point Lady Macbeth is acting of rather high suspicion from being so overly-dramatic. But we have to assume that they are already so distraught about Duncan, and still so wrapped up in all of the goings on, that they miss this-which of course suits Lady Macbeth down to the ground! 2 scenes later, when Lady Macbeth next appears, Act 3, scene 1, she is now heralded as Queen. She only has presence there for 3 short lines, but essentially helps Macbeth to invite Banquo to that evenings banquet, and again is almost overly welcoming, which might, looked at in other eyes, look again rather suspicious. The next scene that Lady Macbeth appears in is Act 3, Scene 2. The scenes between her appearance and this one, show Macbeth hiring murderers to kill Banquo. This is a massive pivotal step for Macbeth, as he is clearly taking matters into his own hands rather than relying upon his Lady. He is however still very wound up about the murder and what has gone on. This reflects into Lady Macbeth, as in this scene she is shown to be rather troubled at this point, because Macbeth is still utterly distraught at what has gone on. She advises him not to brood at what has gone on, but this makes little difference. This may be because he is simply too upset to notice her help, but may also be because he is ceasing to listen to her so much. Macbeth then goes on to talk about how he even envies the peace that Duncan has now that he is dead! It was certainly not part of Lady Macbeth’s plan for Macbeth to get so upset, and I don’t think she’s quite sure how to handle it! Then however, Macbeth turns his attentions to telling his wife to pay special attentions to Banquo that night at the banquet. He hints darkly to her of dark deeds going ahead that night. This is almost teasing her with information-he knows that she thrives on being the one in control and is almost lavish with his words. At this, Lady Macbeth says nothing, but we can but imagine how she would be feeling to have the notion that Macbeth is doing things without her guidance or leadership. The next scene she is in is Act 3 Scene 4. Banquo has now been killed by Macbeths hired murderers. This scene is the all important banquet scene. It is a banquet held by Macbeth and his Lady, to welcome all of the lords under him, and essentially to try and impress them so that they will support him. Therefore it is undoubtedly very important for everything to go well. The very beginning of the scene shows Macbeth welcoming them all, and inviting them to sit down. The murderers then enter to inform him of Banquo’s death, and Fleance’s escape. Macbeth is distressed at the news of Fleance’s escape, but soon consoles himself that Fleance is too young to do any harm. Then, Banquo’s ghost appears, and sits in Macbeths seat. Lennox urges him to sit down with them, but Macbeth denies that there is space for him to sit down. A small discussion takes place in which they are all urging Macbeth to sit down, and Macbeth continues to deny there is space! He then becomes increasingly upset, and accuses the Lords of putting Banquo’s ghost there. Sensing that there will be trouble, Lady Macbeth intervenes and tries to calm the situation, and the confused Lords, by telling them that Macbeth is having a momentary lapse, and not to encourage him as it will upset him further; â€Å"Sit, worthy friends. My lord is often thus, And hath been from his youth. Pray you, keep seat. The fit is momentary; upon a thought He will again be well. If much you note him You shall offend him and extend his passion. Feed, and regard him not.† She then turns to Macbeth and uses a past used expression of, â€Å"Are you a man?!† He answers that he is, and much alike to her character, dismisses him just as she has done so often before when Macbeth shows weakness. Macbeth tells her to look at the ghost, as he is seeing already, and then tries to ‘talk’ to the ghost! This shows how certain he is that Banquo’s ghost is there. The Ghost then leaves the room, and while still maintaining that he saw Banquo’s ghost, Macbeth broods for a short time on how the dead return. He then seems to settle himself, and apologises to his guests before proposing a toast of general good health to them all, and to Banquo. At this point, the situation seems to have been salvaged but then the Ghost re-enters and once again and Macbeth explodes into violent language, through obvious sheer fear. Lady Macbeth attempts to reassure the guests in between his outbursts. â€Å"Think of this, good peers, But as a thing of custom. ‘Tis no other, Only it spoils the pleasure of the time.† But as Macbeth rants on, terrified, she realises she is losing control of the situation, and makes a last bid of control by ordering the Lords to leave. â€Å"I pray you speak not; he grows worse and worse. Question enrages him. At once, good night. Stand not upon the order of your going, But go at once.† The Lords leave, while Macbeth broods on murder, and the general unnaturalness. Lady Macbeth does little to stop him, which suggests that she is finally at a loss of what to do. It is evident that she has lost control of him at this point. Macbeth vows that he will go and see the witches and will go by anything they tell him from now onwards. This may seem simple to Macbeth, but must be difficult for Lady Macbeth, as this is yet another blatant turn away from her control and guidance. She tells him to go to bed, not even commenting on his choice to go to the witches instead of her. After this scene, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth do not appear in any more scenes together. Macbeth most definitely continues to take the lead in the relationship, which is a complete and utter turn around from what we were seeing at the beginning of the play. Macbeths and his Lady’s relationship was based almost entirely on the fact that he depended on her completely, trusting her with everything. She in turn depended on him, as her role in their relationship purely was to guide and dominate Macbeth. This had worked perfectly fine until the point when they killed Duncan. This was a pivotal point in the play, because after Macbeth had gone through with the murder he, through his own decision and means, went and killed the guards. This was not part of Lady Macbeths structured plan, and this was his first break away from her regulation. From that point, Macbeth rapidly began to break away from Lady Macbeths domineering side, and started doing things for himself, notably when he arranged for Fleance and Banquo to be killed. As the play progresses it was evident that Macbeth was speedily becoming a much stronger, more brutal, and perhaps most significantly, self dependant. And as a direct result, Lady Macbeth faded out in her dominance and general persona. The next scene that Lady Macbeth appears in is much later in the play, which is Act 5, scene 1. She hasn’t even been mentioned during this time, let alone by Macbeth. The scene begins with a waiting-gentlewoman and a doctor. The Gentlewoman is telling the Doctor that she is concerned, as Lady Macbeth has been frequently been sleepwalking. He asks her what she has been saying all the while she has been sleepwalking, and she refuses to tell him. However at that point Lady Macbeth herself enters, sleepwalking, and he finds out for himself. She is seemingly rubbing her hands, which the Doctor enquires about. Then, Lady Macbeth speaks; â€Å"Yet here’ a spot† So the two onlookers listen to her words. â€Å"Out damned spot! Out, I say! One. Two. Why then ’tis time to do’t. Hell is murky. Fie, my lord, fie, a soldier, and afeard ? What need we fear ? Who knows it, when none can call our power to account? Yet who would have thought the old man to have so much blood in him?† And then; â€Å"The Thane of Fife had a wife. Where is she now ? What will these ne’er be clean? No more o’that, my lord, no more’that. You mar all this starting.† The Doctor and Gentlewoman at this point comment that they know that she has spoken of what she has not. She has basically just told them that she knows and was involved in murder. And still, she continues; â€Å"Here’s the smell of blood still; all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand. O, O, O.† The doctor and gentlewoman are somewhat shocked at her words and state that her heart is heavily burdened. The Doctor says that, â€Å"This disease is beyond my practise†, meaning that he cannot heal her saddened heart. And then Lady Macbeth speaks again; â€Å"Wash your hands, out on your nightgown, look not so pale. I tell you yet again, Banquo’s buried; he cannot come out on’s grave.† And then; â€Å"To bed, to bed; theres a knocking at the gate. Come, come, come, come, give me your hand; what’s done cannot be undone. To bed, to bed, to bed.† And then she leaves. Her last few words are the words she told Macbeth when he was so unsure of himself and was upset at what they had done. When she repeats them at this point, it is almost as if she is reassuring herself as she speaks, rather than just going over it, which is interesting. It is obvious that now that it has finally hit Lady Macbeth the extent of what has been happening. It has finally occurred to her also, how much she has lost control. And this is literally killing her. The Doctor and Gentlewoman do not want to comment on what they have heard, for fear of what has been said. The scene ends with the Doctor being bid goodnight by the gentlewoman, as he goes to find Macbeth and tell him of his diagnosis. When Macbeth, 2 scenes later, is told that Lady Macbeth is irreparably unwell, he simply dismisses medicine and even suggestively dismisses the Doctor himself, while asking for his armour. He is only now thinking of himself. That is clear. He has no feelings of care or love for his once doted upon wife and instead can only think of himself and what is going on around him in regards to the attack. In Act5, scene 5, Macbeth is told of Lady Macbeth’s inevitable death. If at any point much earlier in their relationship Macbeth had been given such news, he would undoubtedly have been distraught. It would have been of great loss to him. But here, not so. Instead, he selfishly twists the news into some sort of extra ‘problem’ or ‘hassle’ to him. He sees it as another bad thing that has happened in his life. He shows no sadness, and instead is filled with feelings of resentment that it should just be yet another downfall in his life. This shows just how bad their relationship has got. It has got to the point where Macbeth is literally only looking out for one person, and one person only- himself. He has no further need for a wife, and so feels no grief at her death, and instead reflects on life’s futility; â€Å"Out, out, brief candle, Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more. It is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury. Signifying nothing.† As we have followed Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s relationship, various changes have occurred, which in turn have all ricocheted down the line towards Lady Macbeths death, and then eventually Macbeths own death. Macbeth took first steps towards less dependence when he went and killed the guards. This was not an apparent part of Lady Macbeths plan, and this unsettled her. But still she took charge of the situation by fainting, to draw away attention from his unintended actions. Then, he took further steps by arranging Banquo and Fleance to be murdered, and then Macduff’s family. Most importantly in it all, Macbeth did not tell Lady Macbeth of his actions. Instead he teased her with the notion of his plots and plans, leaving her ponder. He most probably enjoyed this mockery of his wife, as it was a large statement in their relationship, which once had been based on his dependence. He continues after all this to keep breaking away from her. He stops telling her his thoughts and plans entirely, and in accordance to this, Lady Macbeth loses her somewhat vital status, which is essentially what she thrived on, and how was the only way to keep their relationship going in the only way she knew how. So inexorably she gets to a point when she is only left to her own thoughts which she has in the past shied away from through putting all her efforts into her husband and his welfare. Off-stage, she dies, although it is never made clear how. We are left to assume that as foreseen by the doctor she died in her bed of such a burdened heart. Alternatively she may have taken her own life, or â€Å"fallen on roman daggers†, as it described as earlier in the play. As described earlier Macbeth takes this to his own heart as another ‘fault’ in his own life, and shortly after this point is justifiably murdered himself, by Macduff, whose family Macbeth earlier killed. Earlier in the play, Lady Macbeth sums up the futility of their actions and almost a premonition of what lay ahead was summed up when she said; â€Å"Nought’s had, all’s spent Where our desire is got without content. ‘Tis safer to be that which we destroy Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.†

Bill Gates Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bill Gates - Research Paper Example In this regard, the essay aims to proffer Bill Gates’ influence and entrepreneurial contribution that have changed, not only America’s lives, but on the lives of people on global scale. A short biographic profile would initially be presented prior to delving into Gates’ remarkable contributions to human lives. The objective of the discourse is to determine how this person has made a difference, why that difference is important to society and how this all affected history and the lives of individual Americans. Personal Profile The world knows him as Bill Gates but his full name is William Henry Gates, III and was born on October 28, 1955, in Seattle, Washington (Biography.com, 1). From his school in Seattle’s Lakeside School, Gates have manifested genuine interest in the field of computer programming at the age of 13. The burning desire to create new things was explored with his friend, Paul Allen, who together designed various computer programs including à ¢â‚¬Å"’Traf-o-Data’, a computer program that monitored traffic patterns in Seattle, and netted $20,000 for their efforts† (Biography.com, 2). Gates pursued a law degree from the Harvard University but his heart and mind remained to pursue his passion on computer programming. ... It wouldn’t be rich, although he is the wealthiest man in the world. It wouldn’t be powerful, although he has shaped the future of computing. It wouldn’t be nerdy, but some may describe him as such. It definitely wouldn’t be evil, although many people think that is the case, and in my Mac loving days, that thought probably crossed my mind. No, the word that I would use is ‘passionate’† (Gilgenbach, 1). Bill Gates exhibited immense passion as one of the characteristic of his leadership style that made a difference in his building a software empire. Together with Paul Allen, their design for a BASIC computer program for an Altair computer instigated the discovery of software programs for computers that revolutionized information technology. As revealed in Biography.com, â€Å"his acumen for not only software development but also business operations put him in the position of leading the company and working as its spokesperson. He personal ly reviewed every line of code the company shipped, often rewriting code when he saw it necessary. As the computer industry began to grow with companies like Apple, Intel, and IBM developing hardware and components, Bill was continuously out on the road touting the merits of Microsoft software applications† (3). Gates’ prominent and distinguishing characteristics and traits differentiated him as an exemplary entrepreneur and leader, whose visionary talents set him apart from others. His dedication, commitment, high drive to achieve was combined to revolutionize applications in computer programming. His willingness to take calculated risks and the desire for innovation and improvement

Case Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Case Summary - Essay Example Through it has quick response to emerging issues the WFP has been in the frontline in offering food to those in need. Offering of nutritional foods aims at helping in solving the random cases of malnutrition diseases globally. This mainly solves the rampant cases among children. Most of the children conceived in most developing countries are often characterized by malnutrition diseases such as rickets and marasmus among others. The program aims at reducing such cases by providing the proper diet for the affected children, as well as for expectant and lactating mothers to help in curbing these diseases. However, the program has been the fastest respondent of natural calamities on their occurrence. During the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti, the WFP responded quickly to the problem and helped in providing food to the residents. They provided about 9,000 metric tons of food to about 2,000 civilians. This is among the many great achievements of the WFP in serving the world by providing them with food. Despites the WFP’s great undertakings, there are instances where during their service delivery; they are faced with dangerous attacks from their rivals thus affecting their service to the affected community. However, the WFP remains committed to its service delivery as long as there are those in need of their generosity. In regard to professionalism, professional ethics is what brings about the accountability among the staff members. Through the implementation of the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), the program has promoted accountability among the staff members. The international financial standards help in ensuring accountability among the staffs. They also help in the allocation of funds and their respective accountability. Through the WFP’s generosity, there are numerous beneficiaries of the program’s project of the food delivery. There are beneficiaries who benefit from the WFP through their emergency response

In a 46 page Research Paper analyzing the paradox of international Essay

In a 46 page Research Paper analyzing the paradox of international donor gifts to improve gender equallity and primarily in the educational systems, how do don - Essay Example These are clear-cut monetary aids that can only improve the situation. The other element is more problematic. The "Gender Lens Tool" can be used to identify gaps in behavioural gender patterns of a society and, hence, to define differences in health information from a gender perspective. Even the non-feminist experts from NGOs of the historically developed countries were influenced by Ms. Black, for Black believes every woman who hopes for a successful, rewarding career needs a mentor ( Black) Consequently, she made the whole white middle class pushing their own priorities regardless. With this background, even if most chiefs and field-workers of the donors' NGOs were women ( while we know that rather the opposite is true ) they would not have much of an idea about the recipient's country history, culture, and built-in society's very different behaviour towards the gender question. Consequently, they would assume that the same social and sociologic environment as in their ( i.e. donor) home countries works in India ( and other Asian countries ) too. Listing a few facts from the recipient country and most likely reaction of donors' staff to them should make the problems facing the Western donors' clear. We start with educational issues first: (1) Scholarly studies and research projects have time and again established that if you educate a boy, you educate a person; if you educate a girl, you educate a "family and a benefit for entire community." Yet girls lag consistently behind boys in access to education throughout India. Reason is simple: girls help their mothers in household chores apart from making carpets. Thus they contribute to their household, and, perhaps, to the whole community economy ( Patel 2008).(2) The next big bias against women-gender at schools starts with textbooks. For example, The Story of Science is a description of man and his discoveries. To show that, with scientific advances, travel time has drastically reduced, the story is told of the 'beautiful young Chinese princess' who was sent by her father to marry the king of Persia but married his son instead because the king died in the two years it took her to reach Persia! The readers are informed that in today's world, she would have reached her de stination in two hours. The two scientists mentioned and whose pictures are given are Newton and Marconi ( Bhog 1640). Some textbooks carry the story of Madame Curie, an important role model for girls. Bhog argues that Maria Curie's portrayal is treated through a gender lens as the narrative highlights Maria's domestic responsibilities and emphasizes her ability to successfully take on the burden of home and work. To Bhog, these are narrative devices employed so that women are 'tamed into not being too out of this world, too different, too challenging' ( Bhog 1641).Bhog points out that in her review of 75 lessons in the language textbooks, barely three 'make a genuine attempt to represent women in a